How Culture and Power Affect Employee Development

P1 Organizations culture, politics and power influence on individual and team performance.

Success of business largely depends on effectiveness of employees. Working in a team help an organization to achieve their goals and objectives on time. Internal environment of Tesco effects employees performance like culture, power and politics have a huge impact on employees working.

Culture

Handy's culture

Power culture

Power of decision making is held by few employees in organization. Due to power in hand of few managers all other employees need to follow their instructions they are unable to share their ideas(Bauer and et. al., 2018.). Due to power culture employees are demotivated because they have no right to take decision, feel that they are not important for business and unable to work in a team which effects overall growth of business.

Task culture

This type of culture help Tesco to achieve organizations goals and objectives. Due to common skills and interests help to maintain smooth working of business. Working in a team help to bring innovation and improve overall performance of employees. Rewards are provided on the basis of employees performance and chances of promotion and pay scale also increases. Rewards help to motivate an individual to work in a team and employees aim to earn same rewards in future help to improve overall performance of company.

Person culture

Some employees in Company feels that are more important than organization. They work on their own set rules which effect overall development of company. Employees aim for their own development and less loyal toward organization success. To work effectively company need to take required steps towards those employees like punishment, demotion etc(Gagné, 2018.). This type of employees are unable to work in a team due to their own rules which effects overall growth of organization. 

Role culture

Where employees assigned duties on the basis of their skills, abilities and educational qualification then it  help to improve efficiency of Tesco. Opportunity on basis of skills help to improve performance of employees and share those skills with other members in a team which help to improve their performance and overall development of organization at a large scale.

Power in organization

French and Raven power theory

Reward power

Reward power help to motivate employees so that work effectively in organization. Tesco provide reward like bonus, Increase in salary, promotion on basis of efforts that employees are putting for companies development. Reward help employees to improve their work in near future. Reward help to achieve individual goal and motivate them to work in a team and improve their overall performance.

Expert power

Some employees of Tesco are expert in their area. All other employees respect them due to their reputation and those experts help to influence other employees to improve their performance and work towards achievement of organizations goals, experts are able to motivate their employees to work with each other in a team(Gagné, Deci and Ryan, 2018.). Provide guidelines to improve performance of organization.

Legitimate power

This type of power is in hands of top authority of organization like CEO, owner, Executive. Power help to take important decision and make other employees to fulfill their duties. This type of power make employees feel like unfamiliar to organization which reduces their overall performance they are unable to work in a team and takes time to achieve organizations goal.

Referent power

People with referent power are liked by all other employees due to their good looks, charm and attitude. Employees follow them and work according to rules set by them which help Tesco to make all employees work according to requirement and achieve their goals easily.

Coercive power

This type of power help Tesco to make employees work by punishment, demotion etc. When employees are not working with their abilities then organization has power to fire them due their lack of performance.

Politics

Due to nasty politics in an organization employees are unable work it demotivates them reduces their overall potential(Gelfand and et. al., 2017.) . Some of the characteristics of politics that effect employees.

Decrease overall productivity

Due to nasty politics in an organization employees are unable to work according to requirement. Employees who play politics are less interested towards working in an organization.  Reduces effectiveness of work take more time to achieve goals.

Affects concentration

Effective employees are unable to concentrate because other individuals are more interested to spoil their image in organization.

Spoils ambiance

Develop negative environment in company spoils relations between employees. Employees who are more concentrated towards politics are disliked by all other employees in organization.

Changes attitude of employees

Individual loss interest towards their work they are unable to work with full of their efficiency.

Demotivate employees

Ineffective employees get rewards due to politics and demotivates other employees. Reduces their performance because they will not get rewards for their efforts towards organizations development.

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P2 Content and process theory of motivation for achievement of organizations goals.

Motivation help organization to achieve their goals and objectives more easily. Motivation help employees work efficiently for development(Podsakoff and et. al., 2018.) . Tesco need to motivate employees and for that they use content and process theory of motivation as follows.

Content theory

Content theory help to know to changes in human needs and why they change. Theory help to motivate behavior of an individual. Maslow's need theory help to analyze employees need and fulfill those need to improve performance of organization.

Maslow's need theory

Physiological needs

Tesco fulfill requirement of employees like air, food, drink, shelter, clothing, sleep which are required for their survival. If those need are not satisfied employees are unable to work. It help them to motivate employees so that they work effectively in a team to achieve organizations goal.

Safety need

Company provide safety to their employees at work place like freedom from fear, stability in organization, job security. If employees feel secure and have no fear of losing job then they able to work effectively and help Tesco to develop their organization at a large scale.

Love and belonging needs

Tesco need to trust their employees provide them opportunity to expand which help to bring innovation and creativity. If employees feel familiar to organization then they work effectively for achievement of goals.

Esteem needs

Tesco need to praise efforts of employees that help organization to develop. Need to provide status and prestige in company. If employees get respect then they work with full of their  efficiency for development in future.

Self actualization needs

Organization need to increase employees desire for their personal growth and self fulfillment. Which help them to work with their capabilities to achieve goals and objectives of organization.

Process theory

Process theory is an idea help in development of individual by analyzing their wants and fulfill those wants to achieve organizations goal.

Vroom expectancy theory

Theory shows that employees performance depends on their skills, knowledge and experience.

Expectancy

To work hard and improve performance employees need right resources that help them to fulfill tasks(Shin and et. al., 2017.) . Employees need right skills for a particular job to work according requirement. Managers of Tesco need to supervise employees and support them to work effectively.

Instrumentality

Company need to make employees understand that if they perform well then they are able to get positive outcome. Tesco need to trust their employees provide them opportunity to take important decisions. Increase employees participation in meetings to familiarize them with organization. 

Valence

Tesco need to analyze preference of their employees that help them to motivate towards organizations goals. Each and every employee has their own choices that they value. Positive valence help Tesco to develop their business at a large scale.

P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team

Effective team

Effective team requires for overall success of organization. Effective team work with each other and share ideas and views which help to improve quality. Employees share skills and abilities increase overall productivity. Work together and solve problems to reduce conflicts in organization.

Ineffective team

Ineffective team effects overall growth of organization. People are unable to work according to requirement decision making becomes tough in company. Employees are unable to cope up with each other towards achievement of organizations goal. Employees are unable to solve conflicts each and every one have their own views which effect overall communication in an organization.

Tuckman's theory

To prepare an effective team Tuck man provide different stages for development of team towards achievement of organizations goals.

Forming stage

First stage of theory is forming where company need to analyze skills of members that are required for a job. Need to analyze goals of organization and set a timeline to achieve those goals. Need to set rules for a team and for each and every member in a team. Clear role of members in a team so that they are able to work effectively.

Storming stage  

Storming stage when employees are unable to take decision and disagree with each others opinion. Conflict arises in organization and leaders need to recognize and solve those conflicts.

Norming stage

It is a stage where members get to know about each other they value their opinion. Employees appreciate their team members skills and share with each other which help in smooth working of organization.

Performing

In this stage employees are ready to work together. Members become familiar and work towards achievement of organizations goal(Van Knippenberg and Hogg, 2018.) . Chances of conflict also reduces and help in overall success of company.

Factors affecting effective team

Communication

Communication is one of the most important factor for overall development of a team. Communication help members in a team to understand each and other and work according to requirement. Reduces conflicts between employees and increase their abilities by sharing skills. Decision making become easy in an organization. Lack of communication increases chances of conflict members are unable to take a decision, reduces employees satisfaction to work in a team.

Role identity

Each and every employees need to know their role which help in smooth working of organization. Role identity help members to achieve goal on time. If employees have no guidance about their role they are unable to achieve companies goal.

Team size

Increase in team size help managers to maximize productivity. Help to finish work on time. Reduces overall work on other employees. Increase team size also increases conflicts between employees. Ineffective team unable to cope up with all members reduces productivity of company.

Leadership

An effective leader help to motivate employees and make them to work towards a common goal. Leaders guide employees to work in a team and help each other. In an ineffective team leaders have less interest to guide each and every employee is working on their own.

P4 Philosophies of organizations behavior within an organization.

Path goal theory

Path goal theory help to guide employees by analyzing their need and use those needs in working environment(Vasu, Stewart and Garson, 2017.) . It help Tesco to guide employees for their daily work activities in organization.

Directive path

In this style leaders of Tesco let their employees to feel their duty and what organization want from them leader guide them how to perform a task. It help overall growth of organization.

Achievement

Leader set challenges for their employees to improve their overall efficiency towards success of organization. Leader trust their employees and show confidence provide opportunities for their success.

Participative leaders

Leader of Tesco increases employees participation in decision making process of organization. It help to familiarize employees and develop a positive relation.

Supportive leader

Leaders need to show their concern towards health of their employees which help to build a relation and increase their respect in minds of employees. 

Custodial organizational behavior model

Managers need to think about safety of their employees. It help to develop image in minds of employees. Tesco need to provide benefits like retirement plans, healthcare and other incentives for their employees. It help increase loyalty of employees towards organization. Company need to fulfill employees needs that help in development of their performance. Improve employees satisfaction by providing them effective financial packages. 

Conclusion

In this report we get to know that Culture and power effect overall growth of an individual in an organization. Due to politics employees are unable to work according to requirement. Content and process theory help to motivate employees by fulfilling their needs. Effective team help company to achieve goals as compare to ineffective team.

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