Managing Innovation in Business -Apple Inc.

This project includes detail description about the future of technology industry by year 2020 and beyond. Further It explains about requirement of innovation in Apple corporation for dealing with future changes and competition. This section describes about various technologies that Apple Inc. can anticipate in future. In addition to this it explains about the capabilities that are required to be develop by organisation in order to implement innovational approach in future.

Future of Industry 2020 and Beyond

technology industry is a sector which deals in research & development or distribution of technological and innovation-based goods. This sectors consists of companies that belong to manufacturing of consumer electronics, software, computers, mobiles and many more products that are linked with information technology. This sectors offers wide range of product or services to both customers and businesses (Brown and Osborne, 2012). Consumer products such as personal computer, mobiles, home appliances, televisions, etc. On the other hand, business-side products are innovations from technological sector for developing enterprise software, logistic systems, and database protection, which help them in formulating strategic business decisions (The Tech Industry, 2018).  

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technological sector is more attractive investment destination in every country's economy, which invite many investors to invest in innovative idea for brining a product in a market that provides growth and tough competition to other players of industry. This sector work toward improving the standard of living for making the earth a better place by providing various innovative gadgets (Trimi and Berbegal-Mirabent,  2012). technology sector is gaining more attention of people around the world and make them dependent on the use of instruments. This has developed an environment which provides higher growth to the companies that belong to technology sector. Therefore, the future of this industry is very bright.

technology industry is a rapidly growing sector that is anticipated with new changes as daily new innovative technology launched by the players of this industry. This sector has experienced numerous changes, which are continuing and expected for future as well. It is expected to provide fundamental shift from human controlling operations to device taking charge of performing actions of human for them  (Carayannis, Sindakis and Walter, 2015). Various technologies are expected to launched in future, which includes driverless cars, pill bottles that will remind to take our medicines, artificial intelligence (AI), and virtual reality, are some of them. These technologies or innovations are expected to be present around the world in the near future, up-to 2020. Therefore, the technology industry is considered to be one the fastest-changing as well as fastest-growing sector and is one of the highest revenue-generating industries. This provides a clear picture of future growth of industry to 2020 and beyond that.

Organisations Innovation Requirements 2020 and Beyond

Apple Incorporation is an American multinational technology company based in California which deals in computer hardware, software, Consumer electronics, digital distribution and corporate venture capital. It is founded by Steve Jobs, Ronald Wayne and Steve Wozniak in year 1976 by launching their first personal computer Apple I. Company is known for its innovative features in their products or services which make it different from others. Apple keep on bringing new or advanced technologies in their offerings to capture higher market share and to give tough competition to other players within industry.

As technology industry is growing faster and companies belong this sector are continuously emphasizing over bringing new innovative products to capture market share. So with the increase in market competition and changing demand among customers to use new gadget, it increases the requirement of innovation for future growth. Following are some innovational approaches that Apple must try to anticipate to achieve higher sustainability in market place:

• iPhone features by 2020: The iPhone is one of the main product which has taken Apple Inc. . to new heights. This is one of the most demanding device by people around the world, who are ready to purchase it at any cost. But because of its recognition and high growth, other competitors started coping its feature to their mobile device and earning the same growth (Yoo et. al.,2012). This has developed an environment of huge competition for Apple because its competitors are offering mobile phones with same features but at relatively low cost for capturing market share. Therefore, in order to deal with competition, Apple is required to add new innovative features in its iPhone to maintain its competitive strength in market. It can add features like a phone with single slab of glass and without charging port. Going port-less works toward wireless charging, which helps in attracting large number of customers (Damanpour and Aravind, 2012). This feature can be added on with the help of replacing Lightning port with magnetic Smart connector. This will provide various benefits to apple iPhone users, like phone charges quickly and transfer of data from computer much faster just with the help of magnetic connector, which connect mobiles with other accessories without using wire.
• Cognitive Computing: : the changing demands of customers and development in the field of technology has brought on several competition in front of Apple Inc. Therefore, bringing innovation to current product or services is become the major necessities of company to remain competitive in market. So, cognitive computing is a feature that Apple can add on to their computers, which contribute towards its growth and helps maintain its brand image as a true innovator (Drucker,  2014). Cognitive computing refers to an Artificial Intelligence system which aims at simulating human thoughts. This will help in identifying the best possible solution to problems through synthesizing data from different sources. cognitive system will help in mimicking the human thought process. By introducing this feature, Apple can make their computers more useful as they can build up the capabilities of thinking like a human. This adds strength to the range of Apple computers, which also enhance the trust and confidence of customer in company's product.

Building the Future Capabilities for the Organisation

Apple is known for its innovational products which are highly demand by large amount of population around the world. As company belongs to technology sector which is consider to be the fastest developing and growing industry which experience regular changes. So it is highly competitive sector where companies move faster toward bringing new or innovative products to eat other player's market share and profit. Therefore, to survive in this competitive market place it is very essential for Apple to build up capabilities for dealing with future challenges. This help company in capturing larger market share and in providing higher customer satisfaction. In building capabilities for future innovation factors there are two main factors to be consider:

Organisational knowledge:- Most essential factor that help Apple in building future capabilities is knowledge that a company have about market. It is very essential for Apple to have adequate information about demand of the customers so that they can predict the future practices to keep their customer satisfy  (Hall and Wagner, 2012) Organisational knowledge help company in bringing new innovations that are harder to substitute and sustain for longer period of time. This also help in developing strategy that are required to implement innovational plans into practices to achieve desired result.  

Cross functional cooperation:- Another major function that help Apple in developing innovational capabilities is cross functional cooperation. As for brining new technologies in future, company must required to develop a team of expertise belongs to different department.  This help in implementing innovational plan more effectively and also support in bringing positive outcome. By using cross functional approach company can develop better innovation idea and they can examine the each and every aspect of that plan.

In order to build up future capabilities, Apple is required to formulates strategical planning which help in determining the actions to be performed in this directions. Further it also assists in monitoring the activities so that they can evaluate the feasibility of these practices. This  help in ensuring that the activities are performed according to the plan and provide positive outcomes  (Holm, Günzel and Ulhøi,  2013). This plan will help in providing the road map which enlist step by step execution of tasks to be performed to achieve desired outcome for building up future capabilities. Following points describe about the road map that can be used by Apple Inc. for building up future capabilities:

Suggest:- In order deal with and achieving sustainability in dynamic environment, it is very essential for Apple to bring new innovation in their operations. As technology industry is fastest developing sectors which daily introduce new technology and innovation that result in early outdating of product or services. It is the biggest challenge for Apple, so it must required to build up future capabilities by bringing new innovations in their offerings. It may bring new technology, for instance they can add new features in their iPhone series which provide a option of charging and transferring data without using wire.  

Reason: Main reason behind bringing innovation in their operations is increasing competition in marketplace. Apple always tries to offer something new to their customers, which is the main reason behind brand recognition and success of company. As it is always the first company to introduce new products or services. But because of this competencies and growth strategy, other competitors copying the features of Apple's gadget into their product to achieve higher success (Massa and Tucci,  2013). This situation somewhere cutting down the market share of Apple, as competitors are offering mobile phones with same feature at lower price. So in order to deal with this situation, it is very essential for Apple to bring on new innovative products to achieve sustainability in market. By launching its new feature, wireless portable mobile, Apple can offer such product to market, which is harder to imitate. Therefore, this product helps in achieving market sustainability for longer period of time.

Impact of changes: For bringing this new technologies to market by 2020 or beyond, Apple is required to bring changes to its current processes. By anticipating these modification, company will be able to prepare their employees as well as resources to develop and introduce new technologies to market by 2020. Following are the factors which are required to be assessed and improved for developing the capabilities related to future changes:

• Research & development: It is considered to be one of the most essential factor for implementing innovation. R&D plays a crucial role in implementing the innovational practices within the organisation and in identifying the opportunities for developing capabilities.

For implementing these innovations, various changes are required to be made in R&D operations. A number of experts are required who have thorough knowledge about innovative practices. This will help in determining the best practices or process to be adopted for implementing the plan more effectively.   

• Required resources:-This innovation implication plan also require new resources to bring innovation for future opportunities. So, company is required to bring changes to its current resources in order to arrange resources for developing further capabilities. As Apple is currently not working over technologies that are required to bring new innovative products like cognitive computing or magnetic connectors (Onetti et. al., 2012). Therefore, Apple is required to bring or add new resources for implementing these technologies. Major resources required during this process are capital and manpower. More employees are required to be employed with skills and adequate knowledge about technologies so that plan can be implemented more effectively without any chance of failure. Apart from this, Capital is also an essential factor, as for developing this iPhone, Apple is required to invest more over equipment's, R&D operations, etc.  
• Technological skills: In order to bring innovational capabilities for future challenges, Apple is required to change and improve its current technological skills. So that company can develop the capabilities to manage future innovation (Saebi and Foss, 2015). Apple is required to appoint highly skilled and competent technological staff so that they can develop their mobile phone as they have planned. These skilled personnels will help in eliminating the risk of failure by determining each and every aspect of process.
• Legal aspects:-Apart from all the factor, this innovative plan also affects the legal aspects followed by Apple for introducing new technologies without any legal compliances. As for offering new technologies, company is required to comply with all the legal practices which are required to be followed for the security of both customer and the company.
• Cost of changes: These changes also brings huge impact on the cost required by company to implement new innovative practices. Apple is planning to launch future technologies, which requires huge investment over research & development, acquiring resources, and recruiting & training staff members.  Apple require capital around 3000 pounds to develop and launch its wireless portable iPhone.

Feasibility: After planning for all the innovative changes to be anticipated, the next step is to analyse the feasibility of the plan. This helps in identifying the facts that whether the formulated plan will work for developing future innovative practices or required some modification to make it reliable for achieving desired outcome. Before implementing plan, Apple is required to assess the feasibility of its project in terms of:

• Economical:-This factor analyzes whether the company have required financial capabilities to adopt these innovative approach or required to raise fund to adopt these changes (Schaltegger, Lüdeke-Freund and Hansen,  2012). Further, it also help in determining whether the cost of these new Apple iPhones will be affordable to people. As high cost may lead to decrease in the market share of the company, which leads to heavier loss.
• Legal:-Before implementing plan, it is also very essential for company to analyze whether there plans are developed by considering all the legal rules and regulations. This helps in keeping the company secure from legal hazards, as breaching of regulations leads to greatest loss to company.
• Operational:-It is one of the major factor which Apple must analyze to identify the feasibility of project. As for implementing its innovational plan, company is required to analyse its operational ability by determining whether they have employees with  skills and capabilities that are required to implement these future innovational practices. Further, it also help in assessing the capabilities which they are required to develop for future.
• Technological:-This factor helps in identifying the feasibility of company regarding its  availability of  technological staff and resources. Technological analyses help in identifying whether Apple has the technological resources required to develop planned product or services. It also help in identifying the factors which company is required to bring at their workplace for developing technological viability.

Approval process: Before implementing any change within an organisation, approval from higher authorities is very essential. So, company can organise board meeting in order to convey their innovation planning in front of directors in order to get approval from them related to the implications of these changes  (Schiuma, 2012).As no other changes can be implemented without the permission of key persons of an organisation.

Apply the changes: After getting the approval from board of directors, company can proceed to implement changes to their organisational practices to develop future capabilities. Proper implication of plan is very essential for achieving success and failure to do so may result in severe loss to company. This may also affect the brand image of Apple, so in order to apply these changes toward building future capabilities, leaders plays a major role.  As they motivate the employees to perform well and support in developing their capabilities required for implication of future innovations (Seebode, Jeanrenaud and Bessant,  2012). Leaders also tries to encourage teamwork, as coordination will help in implementing changes more effectively.

Review the impact of changes: This step is very crucial part of a road map as it depict the progress of innovation plan after implementation of changes toward developing future capabilities (Smith,  2014). This process will help in identifying the level of development within employees after implementation of these changes and level of capabilities within employees after working toward this project.

CONCLUSION

From the above-given project, it can be summarized that innovation plays a crucial role within organizational development and its success in marketplace. By continuously implementing innovative practices, company can achieve competitive advantage within the marketplace. In order to implement innovational practices, company must develop the capabilities for being adoptable to future technologies. For developing this capabilities, a company is required to have adequate knowledge about its current customer as well as market so that future innovative ideas can be developed. In addition to this, leaders also plays an essential role in developing capabilities among employees so that their skills can be fully utilized to achieve desired result. technological industry is considered to be one of the fastest-growing sectors, as players in this industry continuously bring new and innovative products in order to remain competitive. Further, it is also considered to be most developing sector, which provide higher success in term of both brand recognition as well as revenue. So, there are number of factors present in this sector which foster Apple to bring innovation in their operation as well as products, i.e. demand from customer, competitors, etc. Therefore, by maintaining innovational capabilities, Apple can sustain market share for longer duration.

REFERENCES

• Brown, K. and Osborne, S.P., 2012. Managing change and innovation in public service organizations. Routledge.
• Carayannis, E. G., Sindakis, S. and Walter, C., 2015. Business model innovation as lever of organizational sustainability. The Journal of Technology Transfer. 40(1). pp. 85-104.
• Damanpour, F. and Aravind, D., 2012. Managerial innovation: Conceptions, processes and antecedents. Management and organization review. 8(2). pp. 423-454.
• Drucker, P., 2014. Innovation and entrepreneurship. Routledge.
• Hall, J. and Wagner, M., 2012. Integrating sustainability into firms' processes: Performance effects and the moderating role of business models and innovation. Business Strategy and the Environment. 21(3). pp. 183-196.
• Holm, A. B., Günzel, F. and Ulhøi, J.P., 2013. Openness in innovation and business models: lessons from the newspaper industry. International Journal of Technology Management. 61(3/4). pp. 324-348.

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